Robinson: Global renewable energy transition gaining unstoppable momentum

November 20, 2025

'Unstoppable momentum' toward renewables, says Robinson — Mary Robinson said states have binding legal obligations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Belém in the heat of decision: a river city holding the world to account

The air in Belém hangs heavy with humidity and expectation. Boats ply the creeks that feed the Amazon, market stalls spill mango and manioc onto cracked sidewalks, and a distant drumbeat — a sound that is both protest and prayer — ripples through crowds gathered outside the glass-and-steel pavilions where diplomats argue about the fate of the planet.

Inside, the COP30 negotiations move at a clip both feverish and fragile. Outside, Indigenous leaders, students and activists chant and sing, demanding that the world finally match words with action. It’s the kind of scene that makes you feel the stakes: not abstract numbers, but the lifeblood of a region that global warming threatens in very concrete ways.

From law to lungs: Mary Robinson’s insistence that climate is a legal duty

Mary Robinson, the former president of Ireland and a member of the Elders, has been in Belém since last weekend. She speaks with the cadence of someone who has spent decades reading treaties, arguing in courtrooms and holding leaders to account.

“This is not only political theatre,” she told me in a hallway interview, pausing to take in a tableau of negotiators clustered around a whiteboard. “The International Court of Justice has made it explicit: nations have legal obligations under the Paris Agreement and under international law to align with the 1.5°C limit. That changes the terms of this debate. It’s no longer optional.”

Robinson points to a concrete demand driving momentum here: roughly 85 countries — from small island states to Ireland — have joined what she calls an Oil and Gas Alliance, pressing for a clear roadmap to phase out fossil fuels. “People imagine diplomacy as slow and staid,” she said. “But there is an unstoppable momentum toward renewables and away from fossil dependency. The question is whether we will have the political courage to write that into the agreement.”

Law, money and the moral ledger

What makes Robinson’s position striking is how she frames climate action as an issue of legal obligation rather than mere aspiration. “You must, by law, align with 1.5°C. You must, by law, start cutting emissions. You must, by law, stop subsidising the fossil fuels that harm us,” she said, citing the near-$2 trillion a year in global fossil fuel subsidies that policymakers and economists have long criticized as perverse incentives.

“When you put legal language on the table, the room changes,” she added. “People start thinking about liabilities, about human rights, about the future claims of young people and communities on the frontline.”

Negotiations tightening — and fraying — at the edges

Minister Darragh O’Brien, Ireland’s climate minister, described the scene inside the negotiating rooms as “intense.” His team has been working on adaptation finance, and he says Ireland increased its adaptation commitment to €11.6 million — a figure he emphasized as larger than several peers. “We’ve stepped up,” he said. “But the challenge now is collective.”

Finance is precisely where the fissures run deepest. Delegations from developing nations insist that any credible climate deal must include substantial, predictable support for adaptation: money to fortify coastlines, to shift agriculture, to build early-warning systems and to help communities relocate when necessary. Richer nations, burdened by recessionary pressures and rising debt, have been reluctant to pledge large new sums.

“We say the money has to be there,” said Ana Lucía Ñamandu, an Indigenous leader from the Xipaya community, resting after a long march through Belém’s avenues. “In our villages, the rivers rise earlier, the fish disappear, and women are the ones who gather what remains. It is not charity. It is justice.”

The road to a roadmap

At the heart of the debate is language about a “roadmap” to phase out oil and gas. For some, the word is symbolic — a sign that the diplomacy is finally naming the problem. For many oil-producing states, it is existential. “Whether you call it a roadmap or another term, the essence is the same: we need a plan,” said EU climate commissioner Wopke Hoekstra at a press briefing. “The wording matters, but the commitment matters more.”

France’s ecological transition minister, Monique Barbut, was less sanguine: “No, there will not be a COP decision today,” she told reporters, cautioning that countries were still far apart. Yet she admitted that movement was visible — a faint arc of compromise forming in the room.

Lula’s late arrival and the weight of hosting

Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s arrival in Belém felt like more than ceremonial gravitas. He has staked political capital on this COP, promising a “COP of truth” and urging negotiators to reach agreement sooner rather than later.

“The Amazon is not a backdrop,” a Brazilian civil society organizer told me as we watched delegates hurry by. “It is the beating heart of why this negotiation must succeed. There’s theatre in Lula’s presence, yes, but also pressure. He knows how much is riding on this.”

André Corrêa do Lago, the COP30 president, has urged round-the-clock talks to bridge the gaps between wealthy nations, developing countries and oil-rich states. The clock is unforgiving: COP30 was slated to end on Friday, but as anyone who has covered UN summits knows, deadlines are often porous.

Gender, justice and the invisible spoilers

Another thread woven into the negotiations is the Gender Action Plan — a UN framework designed to ensure that climate policies account for gendered impacts. Robinson accused some parties of “spoiling” the plan, warning that without meaningful gender integration the response will be weaker and less just.

“Women and children bear disproportionate burdens from climate disasters,” she said. “If we ignore gender in climate solutions, we will miss the human element that makes those solutions work.”

Key demands on the floor: a roadmap to phase out fossil fuels; increased adaptation finance; meaningful gender integration into climate policy.
Momentum players: ~85 countries in the Oil and Gas Alliance; the EU and island states pushing for stronger language.
Sticking points: trade implications of climate measures, funding commitments, and how to phrase fossil fuel phase-out.

Why this matters — and what it asks of all of us

We are watching a global conversation about who pays for yesterday’s emissions and who pays for tomorrow’s resilience. The debate is legal and moral as much as it is financial and technical. If current national pledges are not tightened, the world could be headed toward a 2.3–2.5°C rise — a range that climatologists warn would bring catastrophes far beyond the kind of slow adjustments societies can absorb.

So what should worry you, sitting thousands of miles away from Belém? Consider this: coastal communities in the Pacific already plan for permanent relocation. Farmers in the Sahel must change crops mid-season. Arctic ice loss is accelerating feedback loops that no negotiation can directly stop once set in motion. These aren’t distant problems; they’re interconnected with our supply chains, food prices and migration patterns.

“This conference will be judged not on speeches but on whether it produces a credible plan to get off fossil fuels and properly funds adaptation,” said Dr. Maya Patel, an environmental economist who studies climate finance. “Lawyers like Mary Robinson are right to stress the legal angle — it strengthens accountability. But money, technology transfer, and political will are the levers that must move in tandem.”

Belém’s lesson

Negotiators will huddle into the night. Indigenous drummers will continue to beat rhythm into the dense Amazonian air. Leaders will flirt with compromise and retreat into the safety of old positions. Yet the moral arithmetic is simpler than the diplomatic choreography: communities already suffering demand help, young people want a livable future, and scientists warn that time is short.

Will the world choose a roadmap with teeth — or a compromise that kicks the hardest parts down the road? That is the question Belém is asking on behalf of the Amazon, the islands, the farmers and the city-dwellers whose summers are growing longer and harsher.

As you read this, I invite you to pause and imagine the river that bisects Belém. Imagine the chants of protestors, the faces of negotiators, the weight of a document yet unsigned. What role will your country, your community or you play in ensuring the final text reflects urgency, fairness and justice? The answer, after all, is not only in Belém’s halls — it’s in the choices we make every day, at the ballot box, the bank, and the dinner table.

Human Rights Watch alleges Israel responsible for crimes in the West Bank

hanad

November 20, 2025

Human Rights Watch accuses Israel of crimes in West Bank — A Palestinian boy flees a tear gas shot by Israeli soldiers during clashes at the Balata refugee camp in Nablus in January

The Quiet That Followed the Bulldozers

There are places where silence weighs like dust. Walk the alleys of Nur Shams, Jenin or Tulkarm today and you will feel it: an echo of footsteps that once filled alleyways, the ghost of laughter from a schoolyard now a heap of rubble, the faint scent of za’atar and strong coffee that clings to charred doorways.

In January and February of this year, Israeli forces swept into three West Bank refugee camps with an operation they called “Iron Wall.” What followed was not only the thunder of armored vehicles and the roar of bulldozers; it was the uprooting of whole communities. Human Rights Watch—after months of interviews, satellite analysis and the verification of demolition orders—says roughly 32,000 people were forcibly displaced from their homes. Their 105-page report, titled All My Dreams Have Been Erased, describes scenes that strain easy categorization: a catalogue of loss that HRW argues amounts to war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Figures that feel like faces

Numbers are blunt instruments, but they matter. HRW documented interviews with 31 displaced residents and verified more than 850 structures destroyed or heavily damaged. A separate UN assessment tallied an even higher figure: 1,460 buildings affected.

“Ten months after their displacement, none of the family residents have been able to go back to their homes,” says Melina Ansari, a researcher who worked on the HRW report. The statement stops being abstract the moment you meet someone who has lost everything.

Hisham Abu Tabeekh is one such person. He fled the Jenin camp when soldiers arrived, he tells you with a calm that trembles at the edges. “We are talking about having no food, no drink, no medicine, no expenses… we are living a very hard life,” he says. He and his family left with nothing but the clothes on their backs.

How the expulsion unfolded

The report pieces together a harrowing choreography: soldiers storming into homes, ransacking personal effects, shouting through loudspeakers mounted on drones, ordering people out. Families say bulldozers began leveling buildings while residents fled. No temporary shelters were provided by the forces that carried out the expulsions; people packed into relatives’ homes if they were lucky, or into mosques, schools and the sparse charity centers that are already strained to breaking point.

In a terse statement, the Israeli military framed the demolitions as a necessity: “We needed to demolish civilian infrastructure so that it could not be exploited by militants.” The military did not provide a timeline for when, if ever, residents might return.

From 1948 to now: camps that kept memory alive

These camps were not recent creations. Born in the wake of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, the tents that became Nur Shams, Jenin and Tulkarm grew into tightly knit neighborhoods across generations—refugee camps that became villages, then towns, then living archives of dispossession and resilience.

Walk through one and you still see the markers of that history: faded family photos tacked to balcony walls, elders who know exactly where each fruit tree was planted decades ago, the mosquito-net covers over windows because building materials were never plentiful. “You cannot just erase a life like that,” says Fatima, a woman who asked that we not use her full name. “My grandmother told stories of 1948. I told stories to my children. Now there is nowhere to tell them.”

Legal lines and moral alarms

International law draws clear lines around forced displacement in occupied territories. The Fourth Geneva Convention prohibits the transfer or displacement of protected persons from occupied territory except where absolutely necessary for their security or for imperative military reasons, and only temporarily. HRW concludes that the mass expulsions—carried out without provision for return and accompanied by sweeping demolitions—contravened these protections.

The group does not stop at legal labels. It argues these acts sit within a broader pattern—displacement, demolition, detention without trial and increased settler violence—that together amount to crimes against humanity, invoking the harsh terms “apartheid” and “persecution” in its analysis. HRW urges international action: prosecutions of responsible officials, referral to the International Criminal Court where applicable, targeted sanctions, suspension of arms sales and trade privileges, and bans on settlement goods.

Numbers and trends that widen the lens

Approximately 32,000 people displaced from three West Bank refugee camps during Operation Iron Wall.
HRW documented over 850 structures destroyed or heavily damaged; UN assessments put the figure at about 1,460.
Since 7 October 2023, Palestinian fatalities in the West Bank have climbed to nearly 1,000, per HRW’s report.
Settler attacks surged in October 2023, with at least 264 assaults reported that month—the highest monthly total since the United Nations began tracking such incidents in 2006.

Voices from the rubble

What numbers miss is the texture: the child who no longer has a gentle slope of roof to practise soccer, the woman who spent an entire night clutching a small box of family photographs as neighbors slept on mattresses in a mosque. “We are treated like numbers,” says Ahmad, a volunteer aid worker. “But each number is a person with history, with wounds.”

Across the camps, people describe an erosion of dignity. A teacher, still unsure whether she will return to her classroom, told me she keeps thinking about the children who had never seen the sea; “now some children don’t even know where they sleep tonight,” she said. Such accounts echo across the interviews HRW conducted and the verified footage that shows homes reduced to skeletons of concrete.

Why this matters beyond the camps

Forced displacement is not only a local crisis; it is a global signal. Around the world, whether through climate stresses, war or deliberate policy, communities are being uprooted. The Jenin, Tulkarm and Nur Shams expulsions force us to ask: when occupation and displacement are normalized as political tactics, what remains of law, of accountability, of the idea that people have the right to a home?

And there is a second, sharper question: how does the international community respond when attention is focused elsewhere? HRW’s report argues that these expulsions occurred in part while global attention was riveted on Gaza—an indication, they say, of the dangers of uneven scrutiny.

What people are asking—and what comes next

Locals and rights groups want three things: the right of return, reparations or meaningful compensation, and legal accountability for those who ordered and executed the expulsions. HRW calls for international measures designed to prevent further abuses—targeted sanctions, suspension of arms support, enforcement of ICC processes and stringent controls on settlement commerce.

“Justice will not be measured in reports alone,” says an international law expert who reviewed HRW’s findings. “It will depend on whether states dare to enforce the rules they signed up to.”

If history teaches anything, it is that displacement is easier to cause than to reverse. Rebuilding homes is practical; rebuilding trust is not. The camps’ elders, the children, the mothers who tie bandages with hands that have known other sieges—these are the people whose lives are in the balance.

Final reflection

When you read the headlines, the rubble becomes a statistic and the names vanish. But stand at the edge of a demolished courtyard and you will hear something else: the persistent human question that has always underpinned conflicts large and small—who gets to belong, and who is permitted to leave? As you think about that, consider this: in a world of competing crises, what moral duties do distant nations and distant citizens have to ensure that those questions are answered with law, not with silence?

We can close our eyes to faraway suffering, or we can allow it to expand our moral imagination. The people of Jenin, Tulkarm and Nur Shams deserve more than memories of what once was. They deserve a future that is spoken for, defended and, when necessary, fought for in courtrooms and diplomatic halls alike.

Trump signs bill to unseal Jeffrey Epstein documents

hanad

November 20, 2025

Epstein alleged Trump 'knew about the girls' - Democrats — Donald Trump and Jeffrey Epstein reportedly fell out in 2004 over a property deal

When a Stack of Papers Becomes a Mirror: What the Epstein File Release Means — and What It Won’t

The Justice Department’s file cabinets, usually closed to curious eyes, are about to cough up secrets. President Donald Trump signed a bill this week that orders the Justice Department to release documents from its long-running probe into Jeffrey Epstein — a man whose life intersected with money, power and scandal in ways that still reverberate around the globe.

Imagine a courtroom as a theater, and these documents as stage directions: they won’t tell the whole play, but they might change how we read the script. The department has 30 days to hand over material, Attorney General Pam Bondi said at a news conference — a deadline that, on paper, promises quick clarity. In practice, though, the law itself allows for redactions meant to protect victims and active investigations. So expect glare and shadow, revelation and restraint, in equal measure.

How we got here

Epstein’s name has been a political hot potato for years. Convicted in Florida in 2008 of soliciting a minor for prostitution, he was arrested again in 2019 on federal sex-trafficking charges. He died in a Manhattan jail that same year; authorities ruled his death a suicide. His longtime associate, Ghislaine Maxwell, was later convicted and is serving a 20-year sentence for helping to procure and groom underage girls.

That history is the backdrop for the latest chapter — a bipartisan push in Congress to force disclosure, and a reluctant presidential signature. Sources inside the White House say Mr. Trump originally encouraged Republicans to oppose the measure, arguing it could establish a dangerous precedent of opening up internal investigative records. When momentum for the bill proved unstoppable, he reversed course and signed, then framed the move publicly as a way to “expose the truth about certain Democrats and their associations with Jeffrey Epstein.”

Promises, limits, and politics

“We will continue to follow the law and encourage maximum transparency,” Attorney General Bondi told reporters. Her words ring with the kind of measured cadence common to prosecutors: a promise of openness wrapped in legal caveats. The statute explicitly permits withholding anything that could identify victims or endanger active probes, which legal experts say is standard but also opens room for significant withholding.

“Disclosure is not a panacea,” said Eleanor Martinez, a former federal prosecutor who now teaches criminal justice at NYU. “A lot of the documents people want are protected by grand jury secrecy rules, privacy interests, and ongoing prosecution concerns. What we’ll see is curated transparency — selected pages that can inform but not necessarily settle the broader public narrative.”

The context is overtly political. A Reuters/Ipsos poll released in conjunction with this news found only 20% of Americans approve of how Mr. Trump has handled the Epstein matter — including just 44% of Republicans. Seventy percent of respondents believe the government is hiding information about Epstein’s network; that breaks down to 87% of Democrats and 60% of Republicans who suspect concealment. Those numbers explain why both opponents and allies pressed for disclosure.

Voices from the perimeter

On the streets of Palm Beach, where Epstein maintained a property for years, the reaction is a mix of weary resignation and guarded curiosity. “We’ve been hearing rumors for a decade,” said Sylvia Kravitz, who runs a diner near the oceanfront. “Some things you don’t want to know. Some you need to. These files might make people face why things were allowed to happen.”

A Trump supporter in his 50s, speaking outside a rally, offered a different take: “If there’s dirt on Democrats, let it come out. Transparency is for everyone, right?”

A survivor advocate, who asked to remain anonymous, struck a sharper note. “Documents that center victims, not reputations, are what justice looks like,” they said. “We’ve seen how public curiosity can be a second assault. My fear is that redactions will sanitize the story and the human toll will be lost.”

What could be revealed — and what probably won’t

When the files arrive, expect a patchwork rather than a portrait. The law allows the department to withhold:

Identifying information about victims
Material that could jeopardize ongoing investigations
Grand jury transcripts and other protected testimony

That means we may get memos, footnotes, meeting logs and redacted witness statements — but not a complete list of names or the full context in which accounts were taken. “People often underestimate how many legitimate legal reasons there are to keep portions secret,” Martinez said. “But that can fuel suspicion as easily as it preserves privacy.”

Beyond the documents: power, secrecy, and public trust

Why does this matter to a global audience? Because the Epstein affair sits at the intersection of several seismic trends: the rise of billionaire influence in politics, the corrosive effect of secrecy on democratic institutions, and the battle over who controls narratives in a post-truth media environment.

For decades, wealthy actors have moved through private clubs, island retreats and glossy foundations, creating networks that blur philanthropy, politics and personal indulgence. When allegations of abuse appear at those intersections, institutions — from law enforcement to party machinery — are tested. The way we handle the fallout tells us whether systems prioritize victims, institutional reputation, or partisan advantage.

“This is a test of civic muscle,” said Dr. Nikhil Rao, a sociologist at the University of Chicago who studies elites and accountability. “Do we demand evidence-based transparency — carefully balancing privacy and investigatory needs — or do we use disclosure as a political cudgel? Both paths have costs.”

What to watch for in the next 30 days

The initial tranche of documents the DOJ releases — will they be heavily redacted or substantive?
Whether any material pertains to public figures and if the department cites active probes to withhold that material.
How media organizations and civil-society groups respond — will they litigate for more disclosure?
Whether victims’ groups are given a say in how material that concerns them is handled publicly.

Ask yourself: when institutions promise transparency, how much do you trust the filtering process? When revelations arrive, will they clarify or inflame? The answers will shape not just one scandal’s legacy, but our broader expectations of accountability in a world where power often moves behind closed doors.

Thirty days, a folder of papers, and the patient work of parsing redactions. What we’ll get is part history, part legal strategy, part political theater. And amid the headlines, the people most affected — the survivors — deserve to be remembered as more than a footnote. That’s the test beyond the ink: whether disclosure leads to understanding, restitution, and safeguards to prevent another chapter like this from ever opening again.

Video shows fully operational solid-gold toilet sold for $12 million

hanad

November 20, 2025

Watch: Fully functional gold toilet sells for $12m

A Throne of Irony: The Day a Golden Toilet Flushed Into Art History

They say art should make you look twice. Maurizio Cattelan’s 18-karat gold toilet did more than that — it made a room full of collectors and commentators look in the mirror.

Last week in New York, Sotheby’s rang down the hammer on a work that looks, at first glance, like the punchline to an extravagant joke. Titled America, the fully functional, gleaming toilet drew a final bid of $12.1 million including fees. It is by turns a ceremonial object, a satire, a scandal waiting to be retold at dinner parties for years to come.

The facts that refuse to stay simple

Cattelan’s piece weighs roughly 101.2 kilograms and is cast in 18-karat gold — a material that, depending on the market, can swing wildly in dollar terms. Sotheby’s framed the starting bid to move with the global price of gold, a reminder that the work is itself a commodity as well as a critique.

“The buyer is a famous American brand,” a Sotheby’s spokesperson told reporters, declining to provide more details. The announcement folded into the narrative: a golden toilet purchased by a corporate name, itself a sort of punchline about capital and spectacle.

For those who followed Cattelan’s career, this sale reads like a particularly apt coda. The artist, renowned for his razor-sharp satire, first startled the art world with pieces that balanced on the knife-edge between jest and provocation. In 2019 he made headlines again with Comedian, a banana duct-taped to a wall, which became a lightning rod for debates over value, taste and the limits of art after it fetched millions at auction.

From the Guggenheim to Blenheim: The odyssey of a bathroom fixture

America first took the public’s breath at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in 2016–2017, where visitors queued to sit — literally — on a gleaming throne. Photographs proliferated: hands on porcelain, selfie sticks raised like flags. The absurdity was delicious and deliberate.

In 2019 the object’s story turned cinematic when a version was stolen from Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire, an audacious nighttime raid that left the public gawking. The stolen toilet has never been recovered. The example sold at Sotheby’s is, according to the auction house, the only surviving version currently available — which, for collectors and curators, elevates it from novelty to artefact.

What does this say about value?

“Art has always been an alchemist,” said Dr. Lila Moretti, an art historian who has taught at Columbia and written widely on contemporary installations. “Cattelan is explicit about the conversion of material into meaning, and then back into capital. America is about consumption and refusal at the same time.”

It’s a paradox laid bare: an object that mocks excess is itself a monument to excess. Is it cynicism? Performance? A mirror held up to our gilded age?

Voices from the crowd: reaction, bemusement, outrage

On the sidewalk outside Sotheby’s, passersby struggled to pick a single reaction.

“It’s funny and grotesque. I think that’s the point,” said Maya Johnson, a museum educator who had rushed over after learning of the sale. “A toilet is intimate, humble, ugly — and then someone coats it in gold and sells it to a brand. It’s theatre.”

Across the street, a retiree named Victor Alvarez shook his head. “It’s obscene,” he said. “When some people can’t afford basic healthcare and we pay millions for toilets — well, that’s a picture of a moment in history.”

Meanwhile, a young art student, clutching a notepad, laughed. “Cattelan always knew how to get a conversation started,” she said. “It’s brilliant marketing and a serious provocation at once.”

Experts weigh in

“This auction tells us as much about today’s market as the artwork itself,” said Thomas Reed, an auction analyst. “Major houses have leaned into spectacle as a way to generate headlines — that drives bidders, which in turn drives prices. When you combine scarcity, provenance and provocation, you have a powerful mix.”

His numbers are instructive: the contemporary art market has repeatedly proven resilient. Auction houses reported strong returns for headline-grabbing lots in recent years, and star artists have seen collectors willing to go beyond traditional metrics of rarity or historical significance.

Why a brand matters: the buyer becomes part of the story

That a “famous American brand” emerged as the purchaser adds another layer. When corporations collect in public ways, they aren’t simply acquiring art — they are buying narratives, prestige and cultural capital. The brand’s name attached to America will be whispered in boardrooms, press releases, and marketing campaigns.

“Brands are increasingly playing the role of patrons, but with a twist,” said corporate curator Anna Liang. “They treat acquisitions as statements — about identity, about values, sometimes about power. This is soft diplomacy through aesthetics.”

Beyond the gilding: what America asks of us

Cattelan’s toilet forces questions we often dodge: What is worth what we say it is? How do objects mediate our relationship to wealth and public life? When does satire become spectacle — and does that matter?

Think of the image: a visitor, coat collar up against a cold New York wind, standing in front of a case where a toilet glints like a relic. Someone snaps a photo, posts it, tags a friend. The internet transforms a private joke into a global event. The absurd becomes a headline, then a meme, then an asset.

Is that cynical? Perhaps. Or maybe it’s honest. In an era of growing economic inequality, where luxury condos share skylines with encampments and cost-of-living crises, gestures like America cut close to the bone. They shame and fascinate in equal measure.

Where do we go from here?

There are practical questions, too. How will the buyer display the piece? Is it destined for a corporate lobby, a private bathroom, a museum loan? Will it ever again be plumbed into public use? The irony, after all, is most potent if it remains more than image — if people can still sit, flush, feel the cold bite of gold between their fingertips and the seat.

And for those who track provenance and restitution after art thefts, the unanswered theft at Blenheim still stings. “The theft speaks to a broader problem of cultural heritage protection,” Dr. Moretti said. “When an object confounds value systems, it becomes both target and talisman.”

So what do you think, reader? Is the sale of America an elaborate joke, a masterstroke of modern commentary, or an empty exercise in conspicuous consumption? Does buying a golden toilet make a brand braver — or merely louder?

One thing is certain: the piece will not stop asking questions. And whether you find it hilarious, offensive, or tragically fitting, Cattelan has once again turned the world’s attention toward the altar of value — and forced us to consider who kneels before it, and why.

European Commission unveils plan to streamline EU digital regulations

hanad

November 20, 2025

EU Commission proposes simplification of digital rules — Ireland's EU Commissioner Michael McGrath pictured speaking at a news conference at the announcement of the 'Digital Omnibus'

Brussels’ New Gamble: Can the EU Slim Down Red Tape Without Selling Its Soul?

On a damp autumn morning in the heart of Brussels, statues and bicycles stood in patient witness as a new chapter in Europe’s digital story was quietly unfurled. The European Commission has proposed a sweeping package of reforms — informally dubbed the “Digital Omnibus” — aimed at unclogging the regulatory maze that many say has weighed on innovation, startups and cross-border business. It is a tidy political slogan with untidy implications.

Imagine a continent that invented many of the guardrails for the internet — the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) among them — now asking whether those very guardrails are slowing down a sprint toward an AI-driven future. That question animates every paragraph of the Commission’s reform blueprint, which touches the GDPR, the ePrivacy Directive (first drawn up in the early 2000s), the nascent AI Act and the Data Act. The promise: less paperwork, faster market entry, more competitive European AI — and, according to Commission estimates, up to €5 billion in compliance savings by 2029 and a potential €150 billion annual boost from streamlined digital paperwork such as a single European Business Wallet.

What’s on the table

The proposals include a series of practical-sounding fixes: cookie-consent that lasts six months so returning visitors stop being nagged by pop-ups; a simplified register for AI systems, with narrow-use tools exempted; delayed enforcement for certain “high-risk” AI applications until December 2027 so member states can build administrative support; and a single-entry portal for reporting cyberattacks and data breaches. There’s also an intriguing plan for a “European Business Wallet” — a digital identity for companies that could streamline signatures, timestamps and cross-border document exchange.

“This is about cutting the red tape so our SMEs and scale-ups spend less time on forms and more time on code,” said a Brussels-based Commission official, who asked not to be named. “We’re trying to square Europe’s high standards on privacy and safety with the pace of technological change. We think it’s possible.”

Across cafés and co-working spaces: a chorus of hope — and alarm

Walk into a co-working hub in Lisbon or a coffee shop in Dublin and the reactions diverge. For founders juggling investor termsheets, regulatory compliance and burn rates, the promise of fewer obligations feels like air after months underwater.

“If I can avoid six months of paperwork and a registration for a tool that simply automates scheduling for my clients, it frees up our dev team to build product,” said Ana Costa, CEO of a Portuguese scheduling start-up. “Europe needs to move faster. Otherwise, the next big consumer AI platforms will be built in Silicon Valley or Shenzhen, not Porto or Tallinn.”

But for digital-rights activists, the Omnibus reads like a retreat from hard-won protections. A network of privacy campaigners has described the package as the most significant rollback of data protections in EU history, warning that carve-outs for “legitimate interest” — a legal pathway already embedded within the GDPR — could offer tech giants new highways into personal data without explicit consent. “This proposal repackages exceptions as simplifications,” said a spokesperson for a European digital rights group. “It risks creating legal loopholes that will be exploited by the largest platforms.”

Where AI meets everyday life — and the stakes rise

The most contentious changes concern AI. The Commission proposes to postpone strict rules for AI used in areas like transport, education, robot-assisted surgery, workplace management and loan decisions until the end of 2027. Some narrow, procedural AI systems may be exempted from registration in EU high-risk databases.

That breathing space is pitched as pragmatic: member states need time to develop certification schemes, standards and enforcement capacity. But it will also mean that for a further two years, companies could deploy AI in sensitive contexts without the full oversight many civil liberties groups want.

“Delays are not neutral,” cautioned Dr. Miriam Becker, a Berlin-based AI ethicist. “They redistribute risk — who bears it, who profits from it, and who gets harmed. The EU has been trying to set a global benchmark for trustworthy AI. Easing the timeline could weaken that moral and regulatory leadership.”

Business wins, public skepticism

Industry groups have largely welcomed the tone of the reforms. Digital Business Ireland called the adjusted timelines sensible and said clearer implementation tools would help innovators meet regulatory obligations without guessing games. “This provides businesses with the clarity and practical assistance they need to comply,” a DBI statement said.

But even some supporters want bolder steps. “Simplification can and should go further,” one Dublin startup investor told me. “If Europe wants to keep its best minds, we need a legal environment where compliance is predictable and proportional.”

Cookies, consent and the ‘privacy fatigue’ problem

One concrete change — simplifying cookie banners so consent lasts six months — addresses a quotidian frustration for millions of internet users. We have all clicked “accept” on dozens of intrusive consent pop-ups, a ritual that has spawned a culture of “privacy fatigue” and near-meaningless clicks. The Commission argues a six-month default removes some of that friction while preserving user choice.

But not everyone believes it’s enough. “Choice is only meaningful when it’s informed,” said Lena Rossi, a privacy campaigner. “A persistent six-month opt-out can be a good thing — if it’s backed by transparency, enforcement and the right to meaningful control over personal data.”

Beyond Brussels: geopolitics and the race for AI

There’s a geopolitical pulse beneath the regulatory prose. Policymakers are acutely aware that US and Chinese tech giants dominate AI infrastructure and data resources. Political pressure from Washington — where officials have repeatedly accused the EU’s regulations of disadvantaging US firms — adds a diplomatic undertow to the Commission’s calculations. Whether that pressure is overt politics or a reflection of market realities, it complicates the EU’s desire to be both a champion of rights and a competitive force.

“Europe is trying to have its cake and eat it too,” said a trade policy analyst in Brussels. “We want strong protections but also the kind of dynamism that has spawned trillion-dollar tech firms elsewhere. The challenge is to craft rules that protect citizens while not hamstringing growth.”

Questions to sit with

This package forces us to ask uncomfortable questions: Are privacy and competitiveness inevitably at odds, or can smart regulation be a launchpad for innovation? Do incremental deregulatory moves risk entrenching power with a few global players who can absorb compliance costs? And most importantly — who decides the balance between individual rights and collective technological progress?

Whatever the answer, the Commission’s proposals now move into the arena of member-state debates and parliamentary scrutiny. Lobbying will intensify, and the final shape of Europe’s digital architecture will be negotiated over months. For Europeans — and for citizens worldwide watching how the bloc polices the digital age — the outcome matters. This is not just a policy tweak. It is a question of what kind of digital society Europe wants to be.

So as you close this piece and wander back into your own scroll of headlines and notifications, consider this: if a continent that once wrote the rules for online privacy begins to rip up the map, what new terrain will that create for the rest of us?

Poland plans deployment of 10,000 troops to secure vital infrastructure

hanad

November 20, 2025

Poland to deploy 10,000 troops to protect infrastructure — Soldiers will be deployed to protect critical infrastructure

Tracks of Tension: How a Single Explosion Unraveled Comfort Across Borders

It was the kind of morning that usually feels ordinary in eastern Poland: steam from café kettles, the distant clatter of freight wagons, commuters lining up for the early train to Lublin. That calm was broken by a jolt — not just along a stretch of steel and gravel but right through the region’s sense of safety.

Last weekend an explosion ripped through the Warsaw–Lublin railway line, the artery that threads Poland to its neighbour at the Ukrainian border. Within hours the government framed the incident not as isolated vandalism but as part of a pattern of “state-level intimidation” stretching across Europe’s eastern flank. Poland’s Defence Minister Wladyslaw Kosiniak-Kamysz announced a sweeping response: 10,000 soldiers will be deployed around vital infrastructure to guard railways, terminals and other key sites.

Soldiers on the Line

“We are not dramatizing; we are preparing,” Kosiniak-Kamysz said, summarising the mood in Warsaw. The deployment — roughly equivalent to the entire standing force of some small NATO members — is meant to send two messages: protect the public’s daily life, and deter further disruption.

For locals, the sight of army trucks moving into station car parks and soldiers patrolling tracks is unnerving and oddly reasssuring all at once.

“My grandmother used to say that when you see soldiers on the street, you know something is wrong,” said Marta, a teacher from Lublin, watching a cordon across a damaged bridge. “But she also said a soldier can be a comfort. Today we need both.”

Diplomacy Hardened: Consulates and Schengen Curbs

The political temperature rose quickly. Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski announced the immediate closure of Russia’s last functioning consulate in Gdansk, adding to earlier shutterings in Krakow and Poznan. “This was not merely sabotage; it was an act of state terror,” Sikorski told lawmakers — words that tighten diplomatic ties into knots.

Warsaw has urged its European Union partners to follow suit by restricting Russian diplomats’ freedom of movement within the Schengen zone. “We encourage our allies to prevent Russians from enjoying the benefits of the countries they would weaken,” Sikorski said, framing travel curbs as a rightful countermeasure.

Russia, for its part, denied involvement — a familiar chorus in recent years — and accused Poland of “Russophobia,” warning it would reciprocate by limiting Polish diplomatic presence in Moscow. The tit-for-tat is now unfolding on consular street corners and visa lanes rather than battlefields.

What Poland Says Happened

Polish investigators have publicly pointed to two Ukrainians allegedly working with Moscow as the perpetrators, claiming they fled across the border into Belarus. Belarus, a firm Russian ally, has been accused repeatedly by Poland and the EU of enabling hybrid-pressure tactics — from facilitating migrant flows into EU borders to offering sanctuary for operatives and oligarchic interests.

Officials emphasize the broader context: since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Poland and neighbouring states have faced a steady wave of arson, sabotage and cyber-attacks targeting infrastructure and institutions. The railway blast feels less like a one-off and more like the latest thread in this long, frayed rope of tension.

Across the River: Romania and the Sky’s New Risk

Across the border to the south, Romania experienced its own alarm. During Russian strikes against Ukrainian ports on the Danube, a drone crossed into Romanian airspace — radar picked it up about 8 km inside the country near the Danube delta villages of Periprava and Chilia Veche. The signal vanished then flickered back for a dozen minutes, a ghost on the screen that was enough to trigger scrambling orders.

“We warned citizens; we deployed fighters. We did what any state should do,” said a Romanian defence ministry official, summarising the hurried response. Germany’s Eurofighters — part of allied air policing rotations — were vectored, and Romania scrambled its own F-16s.

Fragments of Russian drones have fallen on Romanian soil intermittently over the past years as Moscow’s campaign targeted Ukrainian port infrastructure across the river. Romania, a NATO and EU member with a roughly 650 km border with Ukraine, has walked a delicate line between defending its airspace and avoiding an escalation that could draw NATO into direct fighting.

Practical Measures, Personal Lives

On the ground in Poland, public life adapted quickly. Airports in Rzeszow and Lublin were temporarily closed. Train timetables were suspended. Businesses near the blast site shuttered for inspections. For people who rely on those connections, the disruption rippled outward: markets saw fewer customers, workers missed shifts, and freight companies rerouted goods across longer, costlier paths.

Railway worker Andrzej, whose family has kept the same station clock running for three generations, shrugged as he spoke by a mangled telegraph pole. “Tracks are the lifeblood here. It’s not just metal — it’s letters, visits, work. When they shut, you feel cut off.”

Measures Laid Out

10,000 soldiers deployed to protect critical infrastructure
Closure of Russia’s Gdansk consulate; earlier closures in Krakow and Poznan
Requests to EU partners to limit Russian diplomats’ Schengen mobility
Precautionary airspace responses, including scrambled Eurofighters and F-16s

Why This Matters Beyond Eastern Europe

Ask yourself: what happens when the daily rhythms of transit — commuter trains, freight corridors, airport timetables — become targets? Modern conflict increasingly targets the connective tissue of society. Railways, ports and digital networks are not glamorous; they are the plumbing of modern life. Disrupt that plumbing, and the societal pressure rises in subtle but potent ways.

Poland’s reaction highlights a trend in European security: the blending of military readiness with civilian protection. Deploying 10,000 soldiers is not just a military signal; it’s a civic one. It says: we will guard your commute, your deliveries, your hospitals’ supply lines. It also reorients the conversation about where national defense begins and civilian life ends.

There are wider implications: how should Europe balance civil liberties against movement restrictions for diplomats? When does preemptive closure of consulates and travel curbs become a new normal in foreign policy? And can diplomacy recover once mutual expulsions and travel bans stack up?

Looking Ahead: Resilience, Risk, and the Cost of Normalizing Fear

As repair crews replace damaged ties and investigators comb the site for clues, Poland is right now practicing a complicated kind of resilience. It is protecting, posturing and policing without yet crossing into open warfare. But the choices made in these hours — to close a consulate, to restrict a visa, to station soldiers along a track — will ripple through politics, commerce and everyday life.

For residents of border towns and citizens who once moved freely across Europe, the question is personal: do we accept a security perimeter around our daily lives, or do we insist on preserving the frictionless ties that knit Europe together? It is a debate as old as nations but fresh in the wake of new pressures.

“We will mend the tracks,” Marta said, stirring her coffee. “But can you repair the trust? That is harder. It will take more than sleepers and ballast.”

And so the trains will run again, slowly, amid new watchfulness. The landscape has changed: a patchwork of physical repairs, diplomatic counters and heightened military presence. Whether that patchwork becomes a firm bridge or a brittle bandage depends on the answers policymakers and citizens choose in the days and months to come.

Defence Forces tracking movements of Russian spy ship, officials confirm

hanad

November 20, 2025

Defence Forces 'aware' of Russian spy ship's movements — An image released by the UK of the spy ship Yantar on the edge of its territorial waters

Under a Cold Sky: A Spy Ship, a Blinding Beam, and the Quiet Vulnerability of the Deep

There are moments when the ocean feels like a silent conspiracy — a vast, blue expanse that keeps secrets the way a city keeps alleys. One such secret has been drawing attention in recent days: a Russian vessel, the Yantar, prowling the waters north of Scotland, its presence now the subject of anxious briefings, clipped ministerial statements, and uneasy conversations in coastal pubs from Orkney to County Dublin.

According to officials, the Defence Forces “are aware of how a known Russian ship is currently tracking.” Ireland’s Minister for Defence, Helen McEntee, has been briefed. Across the Irish Sea and up into the North Atlantic, Royal Navy ships and RAF crews have been shadowing the Yantar — a ship designed for undersea mapping and intelligence gathering that, this month, was reported to have directed lasers at RAF pilots in an incident described as “deeply dangerous.”

A moment that felt larger than itself

Imagine an RAF cockpit: the hush of instruments, the cold bite of high-altitude air, the horizon a pale seam between cloud and sea. Suddenly, a bright, disorienting flash. “It was like someone had switched a spotlight into the cockpit,” a retired RAF pilot told me. “You freeze. You lose situational awareness for a heartbeat — and at altitude, a heartbeat can be everything.”

Defence Secretary John Healey said bluntly that such actions are unacceptable, and that “military options” are at the ready should the Yantar pose a threat. He stressed that this is the first recorded time the Yantar’s action has been directed against British aircrews and that rules of engagement have been adjusted so naval forces can monitor its activities more closely in “wider waters.”

The ship and the cables: why a research vessel is not just a research vessel

The Yantar is often described as an oceanographic research vessel. But in the theater of modern geopolitics, labels are elastic. This particular ship is designed for undersea work — mapping seabeds, inspecting and potentially tampering with subsea cables. These cables are the arteries of the global economy: over 99% of intercontinental internet traffic flows through them, and there are more than 400 active submarine cables crisscrossing the world’s oceans, stretching for hundreds of thousands of kilometers.

“If you want to hit a country where it hurts without a single shot, you go after the cables,” said Dr. Elena Novak, a maritime security expert. “They are vulnerable, often unprotected, and their compromise can have cascading effects — telecommunication blackouts, financial system disruptions, even patient-care interruptions in hospitals that rely on networked services.”

It’s an image that has become painfully literal in recent years: a world made thin by a few threads of fiber-optic glass beneath the waves. The Yantar, according to analysts, is equipped for seabed survey and cable-mapping — capabilities that arouse suspicion when this work occurs in zones adjacent to another country’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or critical infrastructure.

Paths and politics: where the ship might go next

Earlier reports placed the Yantar operating near subsea cables in the Irish Sea, just north of Dublin, in November 2024. Now, moored north of Scotland, it could push south through the Irish Sea or patrol off Ireland’s west coast within Ireland’s expansive EEZ.

“The Kremlin likes to probe,” said former army ranger and defence analyst Cathal Berry. “We have a brand-new Minister for Defence and Foreign Affairs in Helen McEntee — and that transition is exactly the sort of moment adversaries will test.”

McEntee herself has been careful in public remarks, noting that “for operational and security reasons, it would be inappropriate for me to comment further at this point in time.” The caution is understandable: sailors, pilots and diplomats live in a world of granular, incremental responses; large declarations can box in options.

Voices from the coast

On a damp morning in a harbour town north of Scotland, a fisherman named Angus MacLeod cast a line and considered the hull of the world’s quiet infrastructure. “We’re used to seeing strange ships,” he said, warming his hands with a paper cup of tea. “But when the navy comes along to take a look, you know it’s more than curiosity. I don’t like the feeling of someone poking around my living room without asking.”

In County Clare, near where the Irish coastline sweeps toward the Atlantic, a telecoms engineer who asked to remain anonymous described sleepless nights monitoring network telemetry. “It’s not like a single cut will topple everything,” she said. “But think of it like a domino line. Pull the wrong domino and you could topple a lot of critical systems.”

Official rebuttals and the rhetoric of denial

Moscow has pushed back. The Russian embassy in London dismissed accusations as “endless,” asserting that Russia’s actions “do not affect the interests of the United Kingdom and are not aimed at undermining its security.” It accused Britain of “exacerbating crisis phenomena on the European continent” and insisted it had no interest in British underwater communications.

These denials, predictably, do little to soothe nerves. Hybrid tactics — the mix of military posturing, intelligence gathering and political messaging — thrive precisely because ambiguity serves the actor’s goals. You can claim innocence while still shaping perceptions, sowing uncertainty, and testing responses.

Why this matters to you — and to everyone

It’s tempting to think of a ship like the Yantar as a problem for sailors and diplomats alone. But in a globally connected world, the security of the seabed should be everyone’s concern. Consider these implications:

Economic vulnerability: A severed cable can interrupt banking, shipping logistics, and commerce between continents.
National security: Undersea infrastructure supports military communications and intelligence-sharing — its compromise could diminish readiness.
Everyday life: Emergency services, hospitals, and civilian infrastructure rely on the internet and secure timing signals transmitted via cables.

We have seen increased shadowing missions and surveillance since 2022’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine — a reminder that nations have shifted to more persistent maritime postures. How governments respond is as much about signalling as it is about protection. Will they strengthen international norms around seabed activity? Invest more in cable resilience and monitoring? Or allow these gray-zone tactics to become normalized?

Questions that keep policymakers awake

How much risk are we willing to accept at sea? How quickly should small maritime nations like Ireland respond when a foreign vessel skirts their EEZ? And perhaps most importantly: can democracies find the balance between transparency and prudence when the shadows of the deep begin to move?

As I walked the pier and watched gulls spiral above cutwater and kelp, a sense of fragile normalcy returned. Still, the Yantar is a reminder that the world’s infrastructure is not simply wires and glass — it is a geopolitics of depth, intention, and timing. The way governments answer now will set the tone for how secure — or how exposed — our connected world remains.

So I’ll ask you: when the horizon looks peaceful, is that comfort real, or only the eye’s ability to ignore the knots beneath the surface?

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